The Evolution and Development of Tang Soo Do Throughout History
Tang Soo Do is a traditional Korean martial art that has evolved significantly over centuries, reflecting Korea's rich cultural and historical heritage. From its early origins during the period of the Three Kingdoms to its modern-day practice, Tang Soo Do has undergone various transformations. This blog will take you through a detailed journey of Tang Soo Do's evolution, highlighting key developments and changes throughout its history.
Origins in the Three Kingdoms Period
The history of Tang Soo Do dates back over 2000 years to the period of the “Three Kingdoms” (57 B.C. - 935 A.D.) on the Korean peninsula. During this time, Korea was divided into three kingdoms: Koguryo, Baekje, and Silla. Each kingdom developed its own martial arts, with the Silla kingdom being particularly notable for its Hwa Rang warriors. These young, aristocratic warriors mastered various fighting techniques, some of which were referred to as Tang Soo Ki, meaning 'Tang Hand Techniques'.
Influence of Chinese Martial Arts
During the T’ang Dynasty in China (618-907 A.D.), martial arts saw significant development. The Silla kingdom formed an alliance with T’ang China, which allowed for a cultural exchange that included martial arts techniques. The Hwa Rang warriors of Silla integrated these Chinese techniques with their indigenous methods, laying the foundation for what would later be known as Tang Soo Do. The combination of T’ang martial arts and Korean fighting techniques helped unify the Korean peninsula under the Silla Dynasty.
The Muye Dobo Tong Ji and Later Developments
In 1790, during the latter part of the Chosun Dynasty, the “Muye Dobo Tong Ji” was commissioned. This classic martial arts text documented various Korean fighting techniques, including those that would later influence Tang Soo Do. This period marked the formalization and sophistication of Korean martial arts into a more structured system.
Impact of Japanese Occupation
The Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945 had a profound impact on Korean martial arts. The practice and teaching of native Korean martial arts were banned, and many Koreans were forced to learn Japanese martial arts such as Karate. This period of suppression led to a blending of Japanese and Korean martial arts techniques, which influenced the development of Tang Soo Do in subsequent years.
Post-World War II Resurgence
After World War II ended in 1945, the restrictions on Korean martial arts were lifted. Several martial arts training schools, known as Kwans, were established. Hwang Kee founded the Moo Duk Kwan on November 9, 1945, in Seoul. He initially named his art Hwa Soo Do, but later adopted the term Tang Soo Do, which resonated more with the Korean people. Tang Soo Do at this time was a composite style that incorporated 60% Soo Bahk Do and 40% Chinese martial arts techniques.
Formation of the World Tang Soo Do Association
In 1968, Jae Chul Shin traveled to the United States and established the United States Tang Soo Do Federation. Tang Soo Do gained popularity in America and worldwide. In 1982, the World Tang Soo Do Association (WTSDA) was founded during the Charter Convention held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This event marked a new era for Tang Soo Do, standardizing the uniform and belt system, and adopting new organizational standards. Master Jae Chul Shin was recognized as the Grandmaster of the WTSDA.
Modern-Day Practice
Today, Tang Soo Do is practiced worldwide, with the WTSDA playing a significant role in its global spread. The art has retained its traditional focus on developing the whole person, emphasizing discipline, respect, and self-improvement. While some martial arts have shifted towards sports competition, Tang Soo Do continues to honor its roots as a traditional martial art. It incorporates techniques from ancient Korean martial arts as well as influences from Chinese and Japanese styles.
Conclusion
Tang Soo Do is more than just a martial art; it is a living tradition that has evolved through centuries of cultural exchange and historical events. From its ancient origins to its modern practice, Tang Soo Do remains a testament to Korea's rich martial heritage, blending techniques from various cultures into a cohesive and respected art form. The practice of Tang Soo Do continues to grow, maintaining its emphasis on the development of the mind, body, and spirit.